发言稿|专四作文（精选十六篇）

专四作文（精选十六篇）。

<一> 专四作文

The last several decades have seen a decline in parental influence on their children. In fact, it seems that the more children watch movies and television and get influenced by people outside the home, the more their parents lose control over them. Nowadays, children and teens are often searching for role models other than their parents to imitate. They naturally look to celebrities like singers, movie stars, and athletes to be their guides. For example, many high school students like to dress in the latest fashions that have been made popular by various celebrities. They even cut their hair like famous people or say the same things as them. Parents simply cannot complete with these stars when it comes to influencing their children. Many television shows, movies, and video games have high levels of violent content and bad language, which greatly influence young people watching them. Children have begun acting badly based upon what they have seen on various media.

近几十年来，父母对子女的影响出现了下降。事实上，越来越多的孩子看电影和电视，并受到外界的影响，他们的父母对他们失去控制。如今，孩子和青少年往往是在寻找榜样，而不是他们的父母模仿。他们很自然地去看像歌手，电影明星，运动员是他们的指南。例如，许多高中学生喜欢穿最新的时装，这是由各种名人所欢迎的'。他们甚至把自己的头发剪了，像名人一样，或者说同样的事情。父母只是不能完成这些星星，当它影响他们的孩子。许多电视节目、电影和电视游戏都有很高水平的暴力内容和不好的语言，这些都严重影响了年轻人的观看。孩子们已经开始根据他们在各种媒体上看到的东西开始表演了。

<二> 专四作文

2016专四阅读新题型揭秘

引导语：2016年的英语专四考试内容大换新，其中阅读题型是大家都关心，那么下面小编就对阅读新题进行一些揭秘吧，希望能够帮助到您。

　　一、改革内容

1. 传统的多项选择题由20道题减少到10道题。

阅读选材的长度和难度与原来相比，并没有太大的变化，唯一的变化是多项选择题的数量减少了。

2. 新增了5道简答题，更加强调语言表达和组织能力。

简答题的题目是根据前面四篇传统阅读(多项选择题)的文章进行设置，每篇文章中设置1-2道题，一共是5道题。对于答案的字数也有要求——不能多于10个词，这就要求考生具有较好的概括能力，准确归纳出符合题目要求的内容作为答案。

二、如何应对新题型

拆招一：首先备考心态上，首先透过现象看本质，以不变应万变。

对比新旧大纲，专四阅读的测试只在测试形式和时间上有上述的变化，其材料难度和长度均没有太大变化。所以，考生要稳定心态，尽管题目考查形式上有所变化，其考查目的和选材原则不变，所谓万变不离其宗，微调备考策略，以不变应万变。

拆招二：答题高分技巧——同样的时间，同样的题目，不同的应战方针，会有不用的答题效果。

由于问答题是基于前面4篇文章进行设置的，所以做题时，应以一篇文章为单位，同时解答Section A和Section B的题目，这样可以节省时间，提高做题效率。

拆招三：简答题应对技巧

PS：鉴于考生熟知选择题阅读，而简答题为新增题型，故本次只对新题型简答题的题型和应试技巧详细介绍。

　　三、 四大题型分析

简答题是此次命题改革后的新增题型，通过对最新考纲样题的分析，可以得出简答题的题型与选择题的题型基本一致。以细节类问题为主，也有主旨题、推断题和语义题，提问方式大多以wh-question为主。

(一) 具体细节题

这类题所占比重最大。考生要在文章中找到答案出处，并从答案出处归纳总结出言简意赅的答案。所以，得分易，得满分难，是此类试题的一大题色。

考生需做到心里有数，切勿有完美主义的心态，给备考造成太大的压力。

(二) 主旨类试题

此类题常见的`提问方式有：

What’s the main idea of this passage?

What’s the passage mainly about?

What’s the best title for this passage?

考生切勿照抄原句，重新归纳组织概括不多于10个单词来表达文章主旨内容。

(三) 推断类试题

这类题和选择题中的推断题一样，只是选择题给出选项供筛选，而简单题的答案需要考生根据原文进行合理的推断。文章中的某些词和作者的写作手法都有可能成为推断的依据。

(四) 语义题

这类题目考查考生转述(paraphrase)和解释(explain)某个词或语句在特定场合下的特定含义的能力。常见的出题方式有：

What does the word “…”in…refer to?

What’s the meaning of the expression “…”in paragraph…?

What does the expression “…” in the context of the passage refer to?

解答这类题时，可注意找出原词在文中的同义替换词。如果没有，应注意破折号、同位语从句、定语从句、插入句等具有解释、说明作用的语言成分。

五、 四大答题技巧

(一) 运用简洁的表达方式

用词简洁、准确，不要拖泥带水，用词不超过10个单词。

(二) 抓住关键词

一篇文章的关键词是构成语篇的精髓。正确选用关键词比自己现场组织答案要准确、简练的多，也省时省力。

(三) 注意提问方式与答案的协调性

不同类型的问题要求不同形式的回答。确保答案言简意赅的同时，不能忽视问题与答案形式上的对应。例如问目的时，答案就应当用表示目的用语，如for短语，不定式短语。

(四) 避免语言错误

组织答案时，尽量用文中的关键词，避免使用不熟悉的词组;书写规范、认真，注意首字母大小写问题。

看到这，各位盆友是否已信心满满跃跃欲试?!根据小编提供的情报，小盆友们已然知己知彼，只需花些银两备上粮草兵马，亲自在专四考试的战场上日夜操练，假以时日，定能大胜专四阅读，抱的专四证归。

<三> 专四作文

2018英语专四考试常用短语

无论是参加什么英语考试，考生都不难发现，试卷上的短语十分丰富。因此，准备参加2018年英语专四考试的`考生一定要多背诵一些专四考试常用短语。

indifferent to 无兴趣,不关心

indignant with sb. 愤慨

inferior to 级别低于,不如

ab/about sth innocent of 无……罪,无辜

intent on 专心于

invisible to 不可见的

take the place of 代替,取代

take turns 依次,轮流

tahorw light on 阐明,使了解

think better of 经考虑改变对……的看法

try one’s best 尽力,努力 形容词同介词的搭配

absent from 不在,缺席

abundant in 富于

alien to 与……相反

angry with sb at/about sth 生气,愤怒anxious about/for 忧虑,担心

appropriate for/to 适当,合适

applicable to 适用于

apt at 聪明,善于

open to 不限制,开放的

particular about 挑剔,讲究

parallel to 与……平等,类似

peculiar to 独特的,独有的

jealous of 嫉妒

keep on 爱好,很喜欢

liable for 对……有责任

liable to 易 于

loyal to 忠于

mad at/with sb. 生气,愤怒

mad with 因……发狂

next to 下一个,其次

necessary to /for 必要的

opposite to 在对面

make sure 查明;务必

make the best of 充分利用

<四> 专四作文

My younger cousin got in trouble at school for kicking some other students. When asked why he did it, he responded that he had been imitating his favorite cartoon character. He had seen this behavior and decided to act similarly. His parents had enormous difficulties getting him to stop. This showed me that TV shows can be more influential than parents. Finally, young people often feel like they have nothing in common with their parents, so their parents' influence in their live decreases. Young people think their parents do. For example, many parents are not as proficient as their children are at using modern technology. They might not even know how to surf the Internet or use an MP3 player. This gap in knowledge makes it very hard for them to find common ground with their parents. In conclusion, modern media and the world of technology have much stronger influences on young people than their parents do. As young people get more absorbed in television, movies celebrities, and their friends, parents should expect to continue losing more control over their children.Many believe that outside influences have stronger effects on young people than their parents do. This, however, is a mistaken belief.

我弟弟在学校里遇到了一些其他学生的麻烦。当被问到他为什么这样做时，他回答说，他一直在模仿他最喜欢的卡通人物。他已经看到了这种行为，并决定采取同样的行动。他的父母给他带来了巨大的困难让他停下来。这说明我认为电视节目比父母更有影响力。最后，年轻人通常觉得自己和父母没有共同的生活，所以他们父母的生活会影响他们的.生活。年轻人认为他们的父母。例如，许多父母不像他们的孩子一样熟练使用现代技术。他们可能甚至不知道如何上网或使用MP3播放器。这方面的知识差距使他们很难找到共同的立场与他们的父母。总之，现代媒体和世界的技术对年轻人的影响比他们的父母更强烈的影响。随着年轻人对电视、电影明星以及他们的朋友的影响，父母应该继续失去对孩子的控制，许多人认为，外界的影响对年轻人的影响比他们的父母更为强烈。然而，这是一个错误的信念。

<五> 专四作文

condition, state, status, situation, circumstance

这些名词均有“状况、情况”之意。

condition : 一般强调产生影响的原因或环境，复数形式指笼统的情况。

We must better our financial condition.(我们必须改善我们的财政状况。)

state : 普通用词，指人或物在环境、外表、心灵以及健康方面的状况，或指在某一阶段的状态或形式。

Air whether in the gaseous or liquid state is a fluid.(空气，无论是气态的或是液态的，都是一种流体。)

status : 指一个人在政治、社会、经济、法律上的地位或身份，暗含地位显要意味。也可用于指政治等事态的状况。

Age has status in the villages.(在乡村里年长者受人尊敬。)

situation : 指明确具体的环境情况或处境。

The economic situation has changed considerably.(经济形势已发生了相当大的变化。)

circumstance : 多指周围的情况或某事发生时的情况。

You should act according to circumstances.(你要随机应变。)

<六> 专四作文

一、对比选择型

1、适合Advantage / Disadvantage题型

People’s views towards the advantages and disadvantages of 主题词 vary greatly. Some believe that 观点1 , while others support that 观点2 . As for me, I agree to the latter idea because its advantages outweigh its disadvantages.

There are dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据一. 理由一.

The second reason that can be seen by every person is that 论据二. For example, 理由二.

From the above, we can easily see that 主题词 is beneficial to 总结理由一二.

2、适合Yes / No题型

It has long been a contentious issue as to whether 题目陈述. Some people are of the opinion that 观点一, while others point out that 观点二. As far as I am concerned, the latter opinion holds more weight.

For one thing, 论据一. 理由一.

For another, 论据二. 理由二.

Now, after close examination, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that 总结观点. Therefore, as a university student, we should 提出意见.

3、适合A / B题型

Nowadays, 通过想象引出话题. As a result, some people are worried that A与B之间的矛盾. However, I don’t think their concerns are necessary, because A has some exclusive advantages over B.

First of all, A 与 B比较优势一. A 的优点. However, B的缺点.

Furthermore, A 与B比较优势二. For example, 举例说明优势二.

Last but not least, A 与B比较优势三. A的优点. In contrast, B 的缺点.

In short, A has some merits that B doesn’t have. Therefore, 结论.

二、给定观点型

Nowadays, with 现象, people are becoming increasingly aware of the significance of 主题词. In my point of view, 把标题变为陈述句. There are numerous reasons to support my point of view, and I would explore only a few of the most important ones here.

One of the primary causes is that 理由一. If you look around, you will always find that 举例证明一.

Another reason that can be seen by every person is that 理由二. A good case in point is 举例证明二.

So from what has been discussed, one can reach only this conclusion that 结论. Therefore, 提出建议.

三、自由发挥型

1、适合The Best Way型

Nowadays, it is a heatedly discussed topic that 引出话题. People have put forward various ways, such as 例一，例二，例三, etc. As for me, the best way to 主题词 is 论点.

The benefits for my ideas can be generalized to two major ones. First of all, 理由一. Suppose if 提出假想例子证明理由一.

Another benefit is that 理由二. Suppose if 提出假想例子证明理由一.

In conclusion, 总结. So 提出建议.

2、My Idea型

This problem is a much debated one in that it affects almost everybody in their daily lives. As a college student, I think that 论点.

To begin with, 理由一. 证明理由一.

A further reason why I support this is that 理由二. There is a good evidence to show that 证明理由二.

From what has been discussed above, a conclusion can be drawn that 结论. I wish 提出希望.

<七> 专四作文

很多考生不清楚专四和四级的区别，大学英语四级考试(College English Test，简称CET)是由国家教育部高等教育司主持的全国性教学考试;考试的主要对象是根据教育大纲修完大学英语四级的大学本科生或研究生。英语专业四级考试(TEM-4，Test for English Majors-4)，全称为全国高校英语专业四级考试。自1991年起由中国大陆教育部实行，考察全国综合性大学英语专业学生。

考试题型不同

大学英语四级考试(College English Test，简称CET)考试内容包括

英语专业四级考试(TEM-4，Test for English Majors-4)考试题型包括

<八> 专四作文

一天深夜，一场突如其来的特大泥石流吞没了小山村。次日，当救援人员赶来寻找幸存者时，一阵哭声把他们引到了一座倒塌的泥屋旁。他们挖开泥土，掀开屋顶，发现一个光着身子蜷缩在屋梁下的两三岁小女孩竟然活着。救援人员赶紧将小女孩抱出来，可她活不肯离开，她用小手指指身旁哭喊起来：“妈——!”救援人员沿着隐约露出的一双泥手小心翼翼地往下刨，眼前现出一幅惊心动魄的画面：

一个半身赤裸的女人，呈站立姿势，双臂高高举过头顶，仿佛一尊举重运动员的雕塑……女人竟是一个盲人，身体早已僵硬。而她的身下，又刨出一个昂首挺立的半裸男人!女人正是站在男人的肩上，双手高举小女孩，小女孩这才没有被泥石流吞没，她奇迹般地成为这场泥石流中惟一的幸存者!

<九> 专四作文

2018专四阅读猜词法

每年阅读试题中都会有生词、难词、超纲词，那么，如果在理解文意时排除难词的干扰?其实，很多单词就算没背过也不影响解题!因为，你完全可以利用各种方法，把们的意思"猜"出来!

1. 上下文猜词法：

在上下文中找找看，有没有对于该难词的解释说明。比如，以下英语表达法都代表解释说明，值得考生重点关注：I mean, that’s is to say, or..., in other words, which equals to...,等等。另外，破折号、冒号等也有同样功能，这些标点符号之后往往就是难词的解释。

2. 词性猜词法：

就算一个但此不认识，至少可以根据构词法知识判断其词性。比如，-ance，-tion,-ment等后缀结尾的单词为名词，-ible,-able,-ful结尾的单词为形容词。判断了词性后，可以借助该词与前后单词的搭配使用，再联系整体语言环境猜测含义。

3. 构词法分析：

着眼于长难词的前缀、后缀、词根等部分，根据各部分在英语中的含义，组合推断出完整但此的`含义。比如，mistreatment这个单词，treat可以表示"对待"，而mis-前缀表示"错误的"，像mistake("错误")这个但此就是用这个前缀，因此结合在一起，mistreat表示"错误地对待"即"虐待"之意，最后再加上-ment 后缀，就使它变成一个名词性质的单词。所以，英语中的长难词并不可怕，因为单词越长，构成越清楚，也越有利于利用构词法知识来猜词。

4. 对比猜词法：

如果同一个难词在文中不止一次出现，则可以把与这个词相关的语境作对比，从而揣摩词义。

5. 联想生活尝试猜词：

比如在一篇探讨当今美国经济形式的文章中出现mortgage meltdown这个词组。考生一下子可能反映不过来，但其实词组中的两个单词都是专四纲中词，分别表示"贷款"和"垮台"，考生应该了解这两个单词各自的字面意思，再联想到目前美国的实际状况，不能猜到这个词组指的是"次贷危机"。

<十> 专四作文

第三次课： 分词在句子中的用法

教学目标： 使学生初步了解及在句子使用分词

教学内容：

一、 动名词及不定式作业讲解

二、分词

现在分词和过去分词两种。

作为谓语，现在分词和be 一起构成进行时；过去分词和be一起构成被动语态，和have一起构成完成时。

例如：

I am reading a novel by Maupassant. 我正在看一本莫泊桑写的小说。（现在分词和be 一起表示主语正在进行的动作。）

Mr. Robinson has drunk five glasses of wine already. 鲁宾逊先生已经喝了五杯酒了。（过去分词和have 一起表示主语已经完成的动作。）

The gold fish bowl was broken by Xiao Tao just now. 金鱼缸刚才被小陶打破了。（过去分词和be 一起表示主语是动作的承受者。）

作为非谓语形式，分词可用作形容词和副词，在句子中充当定语、表语、补语和状语。但它仍保持动词的一般特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语。分词和自己的宾语、状语构成分词短语。 现在分词有一般式和完成式。它的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的行为或存在的状态；它的完成式（having + 过去分词）表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态。

现在分词有主动语态和被动语态(being + 过去分词。

过去分词只有一般式，表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。过去分词（及物动词）本身可以表示被动的含义，因而没有别的被动形式。

例如：

Having failed three times, he didn’t want to try again. (=As he had failed three times, he didn’t want to try again. 他失败了三次，不想再干了。（having failed 表示发生在前的动作）

Walking along the sands, Crusoe saw in the sand the mark of a man’s foot. (=While he was walking along the sands, Crusoe? 克鲁索沿着沙滩走的时候，看见沙上有人的脚印。（walking 表示同时发生的动作）

The question being discussed seems important. (=The question is being discussed. It seems important. 正在讨论的问题似乎很重要。

The old days are gone. 旧时代一去不复返了。（gone 表示完成的状态）

I had my hair cut yesterday. 我昨天理发了。（cut 是及物动词的过去分词，表示“被人理发”。） 分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上not, never等否定词构成。

例如：

Not fearing the fire, the child touched and got a finger burnt. 小孩儿不知道怕火，用手去摸，把手指烫了。

Not knowing how to find the subway, I asked a policeman for help. 我不知道怎样找到地铁，就去找警察帮忙。

（一）现在分词和过去分词的区别

（1）在语态上现在分词表示主动的意思，表示它所修饰的人或物的行为；及物动词的过去分词表示被动的意思，表示它所修饰的人或物是动作的承受者。换言之，现在分词是它修饰

的成分所作出的动作，过去分词是它修饰的成分所承受的动作。

例如：

convincing facts 有说服力的事实 / convinced audience 被说服了的听众

the exploiting class 剥削阶级 / the exploited class被剥削阶级

a frightening dog一条让人害怕的狗 / a frightened dog一条被吓坏了的狗

driving gears主动齿轮 / driven gears从动齿轮

（2）在时间上，现在分词往往表示动作正在进行，过去分词表示动作已完成。

例如：

the rising sun (正在升起的太阳 / the risen sun（升起的太阳）

the falling rain（正在下的雨）/ the fallen leaves（落下的树叶）

stolen money（被盗的钱/偷来的钱）/ill-gotten wealth（不义之财）

a high-flying kite（高飞的风筝）

再看一些例子：

boiling water 沸腾的水/boiled water 开水/developing countries 发展中国家/developed countries 发达国家/an exciting story 令人激动的故事/ excited people 激动的人们

（2）在时间上，现在分词往往表示动作正在进行，过去分词表示动作已完成。

再看一些例子：

surprising news令人惊讶的消息/a surprised man受惊吓的人/an inspiring leader具有号召力的领袖/the inspired soldiers受到鼓舞的士兵/a delighted speech令人高兴的演说/the delighted audience(感到高兴的听众/a moving film动人的电影/the moved children受到感到的孩子们/a box containing tea装茶叶的盒子/the tea contained in a box装在盒里的茶叶/ falling snow正在下的雪/fallen snow box落在地上的雪

（3）做表语时的不同。现在分词做表语表示主语所具有的特征，意思是“令人如何”。过去分词多表示主语所处的状态，意思是“感到如何”。

例如：

His lecture is disappointing。I’m disappointed。他的演讲令人失望。我感到失望。

We are surprised to hear the news。The news is surprising。我们听到那消息吃了一惊。那消息令人吃惊。

The situation is encouraging。 We’re encouraged。形式使人鼓舞。我们感到鼓舞。

常用的还有：amusing/amused，astonishing/astonished，disappointing/disappointed，exciting/excited，frightening/frightened，interesting interested，moving/moved， relaxing/relaxed，satisfying/satisfied，shocking/shocked，surprising/surprised，terrifying/terrified，tiring/tired，worrying/worried等等。

（4）做状语的区别，分词短语在句中可做时间、原因、方式、伴随状语。现在分词的动作和谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生、意思是主动的。而过去分词的动作在谓语动作之前发生、意思是被动的。

例如：

Seeing nobody at home，she decided to leave them a note。看到没人在家，她决定给他们留个条。(主动意义，几乎同时

The secretary worked late into the night，preparing a speech for the president。秘书工作到晚上很晚，给总统准备一篇演说。(主动意义，同时

Tired of the noise，he closed the window。对噪音感到厌烦，所以他把窗户关上。(被动意义，

在谓语之前

Deeply moved，she thanked me again and again。她深深地受了感动，再三谢我。(被动意义，在谓语之前

Persuade by my mother，she gladly went there alone。在我母亲劝说下，她才高兴地独自去那里。(被动意义，在谓语之前

如果现在分词的动作在谓语动作之前发生，现在分词要用完成形式，但意思仍然是主动的。 例如：

Having watered the vegetables，they began to pick up the Apples。=After they had watered the vegetables，they began to pick up the apples。他们浇完了蔬菜之后就开始摘苹果。 Having finished the work，he packed his tools and left。完工后，他收拾起工具走了。 分词做状语时，前面可用连词或介词。

例如：

After eating my dinner quickly，I went to see Jim off。我赶快吃过晚饭就去给吉姆送行。 Though built before the Second World War，the engine is still in good condition。尽管是在二战以前建的，这引擎仍然处于良好状态。

Unless paying by credit card，please pay in cash。如果不用信用卡付款，请用现金付。 Tom will never do this unless compelled。汤姆永远也不会干这种事，除非被逼无奈。 She’s been quite different since coming back from America。从美国回来后，她大变了。

（二）用法

1．作定语。作定语的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前。如果被修饰的词是something，anything，everything，nothing等，则分词放在这些词之后。分词短语通常放在被修饰的名词之后。

例如：

This is an interesting book。(=This is a book。It is interesting。这是一本有趣的书。

There is something interesting in the news。(=There is something in the news。 It is interesting。消息中有些有趣的事。

The man sitting by the window is our math teacher。(=The man who is sitting by the window is our math teacher。靠窗户坐着的那个人是我们的数学老师

The machine run by the old worker is made in Shanghai。(=The machine that is run by the old worker is made in Shanghai。那位老工人开的机器是上海造的。

Most of students singing were girls。(=Most of the students who were singing?唱歌的学生多数是女生。

Many of the villagers questioned refused to answer。(=Many of the villagers who were questioned?被问的许多村里人都拒绝。

注意：（1）分词作定语与动名词作定语的区别：

分词和它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主、谓关系。动名词则没有这种关系，而表示它所修饰的词的用途或有关动作。

现在分词 动名词

A sleeping child(a child who is sleeping正在睡觉的孩子 A sleeping car(a car for sleeping卧车

A flying bird(a bird that is flying飞鸟 A flying course(a course for flying飞行课程

A swimming girl(a girl who is swimming游泳的女孩 A swimming pool(a pool for swimming游泳池

The running water(the water that is running流水 The running track(the track for running跑道 现在分词和它所修饰的名词都要重读，动名词所修饰的名词则不必重读。

（2）现在分词作定语时，它表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生(或差不多同时发生。

例如：

Who is the boy dancing over there？在那儿跳舞的少年是谁呀?

The girls swimming in the sea were in danger。 在海里游泳的姑娘们有危险。

如果两个动作在时间上有先后，一般不能用现在分词作定语，而往往用主从复合句结构。 例如：

The man who has gone to Shanghai will be back again。到上海去的那个人会回来的。

The teacher wants to talk to the students who smashed the windows。老师要找打破了窗子的那个学生谈话。

（3）be的现在分词being不能用作定语(可用作状语或被动语态中的助动词。表示这种概念时，也用主从复合句结构。

例如：

He has a brother who is a worker。他有一个当工人的兄弟。

2、作状语。分词和分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、行为方式等意义。表示时间和原因的分词短语相当于对应的状语从句。

例如：

Seeing the teacher entering the room，the students stood up。(=When the students saw the teacher entering the room，They stood up。学生们看见老师走进房间，都站了起来。 (时间

Heated，the Metal expands。 (=The metal expands if /when it is heated。金属受热而膨胀。(条件、时间

Being excited，I couldn’t go to sleep。(=As I was excited ，I couldn’t go to sleep。我兴奋得睡不着觉。(原因

Being a student，he was interested in sports。(=As he was a student，he was interested in sports。 他是个学生，所以对体育运动感兴趣。(原因

Inspired by Dr.Yang’s speech，Li Hua and his classmates decided to study physics harder。(=As they were inspired by Dr.Yang’s speech，Li Hua and his classmates decided to study physics harder。李华和他的同学们受到杨博士讲话的鼓舞，决定更加努力学习物理。 (原因 The children went away laughing。=The children went away。They laughed as they went。孩子们笑着走开了。(行为方式

The professor stood there，surrounded by many students。(=The professor stood there。He was surrounded by many students。教授站在那里，许多学生围着他。(行为方式

While reading the newspaper，father nodded from time to time。(=While he was reading the newspaper，father nodded from time to time。看报时，父亲不时地点头。(时间(分词前，可加表示时间的连词while或when。

3、作宾语补足语。

例如：

Can you get the machine going again？你能使机器再动起来吗？

You should have your hair cut。你该理发了。

I saw him coming last night。我昨天晚上看见他来了。

4、作表语。

例如：

The film is very moving。这部影片很感人。

Your homework is well done。你的作业做得好。

The visitors looked surprised.参观者看上去很惊讶。

The boys were seen walking on the grass。有人看见孩子们在草地上散步。

5、作句子独立成分（分词有自己的逻辑主语时，称为独立主格结构。）

例如：

Flags flying，the army men marched in the streets。旗帜飘扬，军队在街上行进。

All his ribs broken，he lay half dead。他的肋骨全部折断，半不活地躺着。

分词(短语作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。

My wife had a long talk with Sally, explaining why she didn’t want the children to play together我妻子与莎莉谈了很长时间，解释她为什么不想让孩子们在一起玩。(现在分词explaining是句子主语my wife做的动作，它们之间是主动关系

Given more attention，the trees could have grown better。如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。(过去分词given表示的动作是句子主语the trees承受的动作，它们之间是被动关系

We explored the caves，Peter acting as guide。我们到那山洞探险，彼得做向导。 (独立主格 The train having gone，we had to wait another day。分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but，and，因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分。分词和主句之间可用逗号。

例如：

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误：Having been told many times，but he still couldn’t understand it。

正：He was told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it。

注意：（1）分词作状语时，逻辑主语即句子的主语;否则要用从句或独立主格结构来表示。 例如：

Looking out of the window，I saw lots of people there。(=When I looked out of the window，I saw lots of people there。

我往窗外一看，看见那儿有许多人。 (looking out of the window的逻辑主语，就是句子的主语I。

（2）在see，hear，watch，notice等动词后，用动词不定式作宾语补语，通常表示(强调动作从开始到结束的全过程。如果用现在分词作宾语补语，则通常表示动作正在进行。 例如：

We sat two hours and watched the teacher make the experiment。我们坐了两个小时，看老师做实验。(两小时一直在看老师做实验

We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher making the experiment。我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。(只是在走过教宰的一刹那间，看见老师正存做实验

I saw him enter the room, unlock a drawer, take out a document, photograph it and put it back。我看见他走进房间，打开抽屉，拿出一份文件，拍了照又放回去(表示一个接一个的一系列动作的全过程时，用动词不定式。

<十一> 专四作文

Flight simulator (飞行模拟器) refers to any electronic or mechanical system for training airplane and spacecraft pilots and crew member by simulating flight conditions. The purpose of simulation is not to completely substitute (1)_____ actual flight training but to thoroughly familiarize students with the vehicle (2)_____ before they (3)_____ extensive and possibly dangerous actual flight training. Simulations also is useful for review and for familiarizing pilots with new (4)_____ to existing craft.

Two early flight simulators appeared in England within a decade after the first flight of Orville and Wilbur Wright. They were designed to enable pilots to stimulate simple aircraft (5)_____ in three dimensions： nose up or down; left wing high and right low， or vice versa; and (6)_____ to left or right. It took until 1929， however， for a truly effective simulator， the Link Trainer， to appear， devised by Edwin A. Link， a self-educated aviator and inventor from Binghamton， New York. (7)_____， airplane instrumentation had been developed sufficiently to permit blind flying on instruments alone， but training pilots to do so involved (8)_____ risk. Link built a model of an airplane cockpit equipped (9)_____ instrument panel and controls that could realistically stimulate all the movements of an airplane. Pilots could use the device for instrument training， manipulating the controls (10)_____ instrument readings so as to maintain straight and level flight or (11)_____ climb or descent with no visual reference (12)_____ any horizon except for the artificial one on the instrument panel. The trainer was modified (13)_____ aircraft technology advanced. Commercial airlines began to use the Link Trainer for pilot training， and the US government began purchasing them in 1934， (14)_____ thousands more as World War II approached.

<十二> 专四作文

2018年专四作文范文《职业的选择》

职业的选择是每个人都会进行深入的思考的，职业的话题也经常成为专四作文的考查内容，下面，小编就为大家送上一篇相关的2018年专四作文范文，希望对大家有所帮助。

Choosing an Occupation

One of the most important problems a young person faces is deciding what to do. There are some people, of course, who from the time they are six years old "know" that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters, but the majority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem.